एम्स ने दूषित स्रोतों से हेपेटाइटिस ए के खतरे की चेतावनी दी
नई दिल्ली: एम्स-दिल्ली के डॉक्टरों ने हेपेटाइटिस ए के प्राथमिक कारण दूषित भोजन और पानी के सेवन के संबंध में चेतावनी जारी की है, जिसके हाल ही में राष्ट्रीय राजधानी में मामलों में वृद्धि देखी गई है। गैस्ट्रोएंटरोलॉजी विभाग के प्रोफेसर डॉ. शालीमार के अनुसार, अस्पताल ने हेपेटाइटिस ए के मामलों में उल्लेखनीय वृद्धि दर्ज की है, विशेष रूप से 18-25 आयु वर्ग के बच्चों और युवा वयस्कों में।
हेपेटाइटिस ए और ई, दोनों मुख्य रूप से मल से दूषित पानी के माध्यम से फैलते हैं, आमतौर पर स्व-सीमित संक्रमण होते हैं जिनके लिए विशिष्ट एंटीवायरल उपचार की आवश्यकता नहीं होती है। गैस्ट्रोएंटरोलॉजी विभाग के प्रमुख डॉ. प्रमोद गर्ग ने इस बात पर जोर दिया कि इन संक्रमणों को लक्षणात्मक रूप से प्रबंधित किया जाता है और सुरक्षित पेयजल, उचित भोजन प्रबंधन प्रथाओं और अच्छी स्वच्छता के माध्यम से इसे काफी हद तक रोका जा सकता है।
एम्स के गैस्ट्रोएंटरोलॉजी विभाग के एक अध्ययन से पता चला है कि तीव्र यकृत विफलता के 30% मामले हेपेटाइटिस ए और ई से होते हैं, जिनमें मृत्यु दर 50% से अधिक है। इसके विपरीत, हेपेटाइटिस बी और सी क्रोनिक लीवर रोग का कारण बनते हैं और लीवर सिरोसिस, लीवर कैंसर और वायरल हेपेटाइटिस से संबंधित मौतों के प्रमुख कारण हैं। विभाग के अतिरिक्त प्रोफेसर डॉ. दीपक गुंजन ने बताया कि ये संक्रमण संक्रमित रक्त के संपर्क में आने, बिना जांचे रक्त चढ़ाने, असुरक्षित यौन व्यवहार और इंजेक्शन से नशीली दवाओं के सेवन से होते हैं। हेपेटाइटिस बी को अक्सर दीर्घकालिक उपचार की आवश्यकता होती है, जबकि हेपेटाइटिस सी को तीन महीने के एंटीवायरल आहार के साथ 95% से अधिक रोगियों में ठीक किया जा सकता है।
अस्वास्थ्यकर जीवनशैली, अत्यधिक शराब का सेवन, कुछ दवाओं और ऑटोइम्यून बीमारियों के कारण भी लिवर की क्षति हो सकती है। विभाग में सहायक प्रोफेसर डॉ. समग्र अग्रवाल ने स्वस्थ जीवन शैली के महत्व पर जोर दिया, जिसमें शराब से बचना, स्वस्थ आहार बनाए रखना, नियमित व्यायाम और बिना चिकित्सीय सलाह के संभावित लीवर-विषाक्त दवाओं से बचना शामिल है।
विश्व स्वास्थ्य संगठन (डब्ल्यूएचओ) का लक्ष्य 2030 तक नए क्रोनिक हेपेटाइटिस संक्रमण को 90% और वायरल हेपेटाइटिस से संबंधित मौतों को 65% तक कम करना है। इसके अनुरूप, भारत का राष्ट्रीय वायरल हेपेटाइटिस नियंत्रण कार्यक्रम सभी नवजात शिशुओं को हेपेटाइटिस बी के लिए मुफ्त टीकाकरण प्रदान करता है। हेपेटाइटिस बी और सी के लिए मुफ्त इलाज। डॉ. गर्ग ने इस बात पर प्रकाश डाला कि भारत, वायरल हेपेटाइटिस के सबसे अधिक बोझ वाले दस देशों में से एक है, जहां दुनिया के लगभग 12% मामले हैं, अनुमानित 40 मिलियन लोग हेपेटाइटिस बी से संक्रमित हैं और 6 मिलियन लोग हेपेटाइटिस बी से संक्रमित हैं। 12 मिलियन लोग हेपेटाइटिस सी से पीड़ित हैं। उन्होंने जोखिम वाले व्यक्तियों, जैसे कि रक्त आधान प्राप्त करने वाले, स्वास्थ्य कार्यकर्ता, गर्भवती महिलाएं, अंतःशिरा दवा उपयोगकर्ता और हेपेटाइटिस बी रोगियों के परिवार के सदस्यों से सरकारी स्वास्थ्य सुविधाओं पर परीक्षण कराने का आग्रह किया।नई दिल्ली: एम्स-दिल्ली के डॉक्टरों ने हेपेटाइटिस ए के प्राथमिक कारण दूषित भोजन और पानी के सेवन के संबंध में चेतावनी जारी की है, जिसके हाल ही में राष्ट्रीय राजधानी में मामलों में वृद्धि देखी गई है। गैस्ट्रोएंटरोलॉजी विभाग के प्रोफेसर डॉ. शालीमार के अनुसार, अस्पताल ने हेपेटाइटिस ए के मामलों में उल्लेखनीय वृद्धि दर्ज की है, विशेष रूप से 18-25 आयु वर्ग के बच्चों और युवा वयस्कों में।
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